Thursday, 16 October 2014

KASHMIR TO GOA- A TRAVELOGUE

KASHMIR TO GOA- TRAVELLOGUE

Confucius once said, "Wherever you go, go with all your heart." Fifteenth of February, 2014, a cloudy, chilly afternoon in the Valley of Kashmir, mid winter, after-snow tranquility and a queer excitement in my heart, marked the beginning of my journey from Kashmir to Goa. I had heard that Goa is breathtakingly beautiful; my research had made it crystal clear that the climate of Goa is moderate, rainy and sensational. At the same time, Kashmir was snowy, chilly and clad in the blanket of white snow. So, I had put on all possible warm clothes: thermal, sweater, warmer, everything. I reached the Srinagar Airport, located on a plateau with picturesque landscape all around, in the afternoon. My mother accompanied me. She wished me good luck for the new job in a typical Kashmiri mother's way- hugs, kisses on forehead and a million prayers. At the same time she didn't forget to advise me in her unique way, "Eat plenty of fruits, drink water, don't eat roadside eatables and make it sure that you call once you reach Goa."  With these words, I bade them good bye and entered the Srinagar Airport.

After doing all the formalities, I sat on a chair on the first floor of the airport which overlooked the runway area and the priceless surrounding landscape of Kashmir about which is said, "If there's a paradise on Earth, it's here, it's here." Beside me was sitting a foreigner stuck to a novel and next to him was an old man with a supporting stick and next to him was a group of boys clad in a sports uniform. Some people, accompanied by their kiths, kins and kids, were enjoying the sitting in a state of bliss. There was a mixed environment and was a small dummy of the real world and its people; some are happy, some are struggling with ailments and the others are lost in the world of imagination. Finally, the airport speakers made the announcement, "All passengers  travelling in Flight GA1007 for Mumbai are requested to get ready for boarding." We sat in the plane and it left in around 20 minutes.

Once the plane took off, we were in mid air surrounded by the fluffy clouds. The blue sky was not visible due to the clouds but the Sun rays found their way through the clouds as the airplane gained altitude. In a short while, all the passengers got astonished to see the shiny, snow clad mountain tops that appeared like filled with the most beautiful and the most intricate pearls. It was a sight to see, priceless and unmatched. However, due to the bad weather, the plane made some sudden rises and falls to negotiate the dense clouds. In the next 30 minutes, the plane began a smooth sail, the clouds were no more there. Looking through the glass panes, I saw glorious fields that appeared rectangular, and bright rooftops. It was clear that we had left the Valley of Kashmir. Now, it was an altogether different weather. Our journey from Kashmir to Goa was a journey of around 5 hours. I had to land in Mumbai and from there had to take a connecting flight that would take me to Goa.

Mumbai Airport, an epitome of world class infrastructure, modern marvels and mind blowing architecture, was full of hustle and bustle. The showrooms of well known brands were decorated like brides. I enjoyed an hour of window shopping. Walking along the corridors of the airport, I saw an outlet of KFC's and dined there. While dining, I met a young man from Kashmir who had been living in Goa for the last ten years. I talked to him at length about Goa, its people, their demography, etc, etc. It was a fruitful interaction. In the next 50 minutes, I boarded the flight to Goa.

The flight from Mumbai to Goa was a novel experience for me. It was dark but it was clear that our plane didn't take much altitude. A clear demarcation between land and water was obvious. The plane was moving along the coast. A number of lights were seen along the coastline. Some ships and boats sailing on the sea were visible. Down there on Earth were lit a million lamps and it appeared golden. This sight made me recollect the disparities between the people and the cities. While some people and cities starve, the others prosper; while some cities suffer in a queer melancholy and midnight darkness, the others sparkle in bliss. As the journey progressed, the night sky slowly took over. Nothing but other aeroplanes were visible and below us, the Mother Earth. It was a short duration flight from Mumbai, nearly an hour's flight. I had analysed the map of Goa back home and those curves and bends down on the land surface were clearly seen as I had seen on the map. We landed in Dabolin Airport, Goa in a short while.

Goa Airport is a small airport of the size of a long golf course and I heard from somebody that it belongs to the airforce actually. I took a cab and went straight away to a beach area namely Vagatore where my uncle lives. It was 12 in the midnight when I reached there.

The next morning, I straight away went to see the beach and the sea as I had never seen a beach or a sea before. When I approached near, a cool breeze struck my body coupled with that sweet sound of water tides striking the rocks. A few steps ahead, in front of my eyes was a vast, blue and an endless sea. I stretched my arms and housed those cool breezes inside me. I walked along the beach for some time. Cool breezes were continuously coming but it was hot and humid. I heard from the people that this was the hottest period of the year. Boats, water scooters, ships were all around. People swam in the sea, some were chasing the retreating tides and the others running away from them. At a distance were a few boys and girls writing the tales of love with tender strokes on the sand. It was a small world in itself.

The next morning, it was the day, I reported at the Circle Office Goa located in the main capital city of Panjim. It was a wonderful experience. The welcome extended to me was great. After completing the formalities and documentation, we eagerly waited for the place of our posting and in the evening it was conveyed to us. Sanquelim, also pronounced as Sankli and even Sankdi, is a remote rural area located in North Goa. I, alongwith another Officer, Rohin, was allotted this branch.The next morning, I started my journey towards Sanquelim. Moving along the beautiful roads of Goa, gradually the scene changed. Leaving behind the beach areas, this internal Goa was completely different. I had heard that in Goa, everybody speaks English, it's full of foreigners. But, I realised that it's only the beach areas that are more so and the rest of Goa is just like the rest of India. Here also, a common man suffers, struggles and lives his simple life.

Gradually I was exploring Goa. It's a place with a lot of greenery, it's full of vegetation. There are many ascents and descents on the Goan roads. You will find a hilltop after every two kilometers. This vegetation, this greenery and these hillocks made me feel at home. I realized that this place was same as mine; I've got a home away from home.

I joined the branch at Sanquelim. The manager introduced me to the other staff members. I was given a warm welcome. I began working and I came to know Goa more and more. I will not miss this opportunity to mention that Goan economy has two main pillars: Tourism and Mining. While Tourism industry of Goa has reached the pinnacle of success, mining industry on the other hand, has been banned by the Supreme Court. This has crippled the economy of Goa seriously. It has left people helpless. Those who had taken debt and were dependent on mining to make their both ends meet, have faced a double-whammy of loosing their only source of income on one hand, and the increasing debt on the other. While travelling through the roads of Goa, one can see those blemishes of  the mining activities that wear a deserted look now. A queer silence of melancholy prevails over them.

While I explored Goa more and more, I realised that this place isn't much different from mine. Kashmir and Goa are far away from each other, but, they're alike in more than one way. The two beauty Queens are divided by demography and geography but united by gracefulness and suffering. While Kashmir suffers from the decades-old turmoil and unrest, Goa suffers from an economic downfall. But, it must be noted that the most important thing that I learnt out of this travel is that no matter where you are, you'll never miss those unmatched and unparalleled core values that make us unique in the whole world. This is probably what prompts me to admit that my heart has settled here and I know that home is where the heart is; and this way I practically implemented Confucius's idea: wherever you go, go with all your heart.

Sunday, 10 August 2014

Biased Interlocutors' Report

Biased Interlocutors' Report

"... the interlocutors made it clear that J&K has been, is and will continue to be part of the Indian Union" says Dileep Padgaonkar in his writeup "A Ray of Hope for J&K (TOI, July 26, 2014). He further mentions that the problems mentioned by the people of this turmoil-ridden state revolved around poor governance, lack of economic and social development, corruption, etc. At the end of the piece, he claims the interlocutors' report of being people-centric. But, unfortunately, the so-called people-centric report was neither people-centric nor unbiased.

It was a misrepresented, exaggerated and a biased report. The report was erroneous both in its approach as well as conclusion.I want to bring this fact in the knowledge of the interlocutors that your approach to study the socio-political scenario of the state was wrong. This state can't be studied in terms of one uniform state. The three divisions of this state are different from each other in terms of mindset, political preferences, demography and what not! Therefore, your argument of the report being the state's report, is not justified. This dissimilarity between Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh needs to be given the foremost concern and importance since this dissimilarity is something unique to this state. So, the conclusions and findings that you've put forward in no way represent all the people of our state. Your findings that I quoted in the opening lines of this writeup can't represent the whole state at the first place. Moreover, perhaps the respected writer/interlocutor had not made proper research regarding the state he was going to study. For the kind information of the author, I want to mention this historical fact that this state wasn't a part of India. It was only the outcome of that unfortunate accession that had declared the state a Protectionate state temporarily to stay with India. This nullifies your argument that I've mentioned in the opening para of this writeup.

Moving ahead, let me quote another line from your writeup: "- close to 80 percent- was in the nature of grievances about poor governance, lack of economic and social development and corruption". Very true indeed, but not the only findings that the interlocutors unveiled! Being a member of a small delegation of University students, I also received a chance to meet the interlocutors at BGSB University. We talked to them at length. All kinds of concerns and issues were discussed and brought in the knowledge of the interlocutors. Now, in their report, it was seen that they've turned a deaf ear and a blind eye to the most of concerns. You were informed about the human rights violations and exploitation of the youth of the Valley but you didn't mention that in your report! You threw these findings to the garbage bin while framing the final conclusion so that your report shapes up exactly like what your senders wanted it to be, unreal and unveiling.I lament how can you be so selective and choosy as to what to mention and what not to!

(Abrar Ul Mustafa is Columnist in Greater Kashmir published from Kashmir Valley)

Saturday, 28 December 2013

25 Definitions Production Management

1. Production

The process of converting inputs into outputs with the help of certain conversion processes.

2. Production Management

The planning and organisation of various activities associated with the conversion of inputs into outputs.

3. Manufacturing Process

The use of a certain pattern and procedure in order to produce a particular type of output in particular quantity or number.

4. Jobbing

The process of producing one single unit of a product without moving onto the next unit unless and until the previous unit is completed.

5. Project

A temporary endeavour producing an output with a defined starting and ending point.

6. Batch

The process of producing a batch of units together, requiring a certain type of treatment.

7. Line manufacturing

The process of treatments and works carried on a product in stages.

8. Continuous

The process of production of a product which goes on continuously for moths or oven years together, for example, cement manufacturing.

9. Assembly Line

The process in which outputs of multiple lines are assembled at the end to form the final product.

10. Mass Manufacturing

The manufacturing process type in which a huge number of smaller units of the product are produced together.

11. Professional Services

The services rendered by licensed and certified professionals who usually belong to a professional group, for example, Accountants, Lawyers, Doctors.

12. Services Shop

The actual place where services are delivered to the customer.

13. Plant Layout

The arrangement and design of various manufacturing equipment at a plant.

14. Production Planning

The framing of policies and strategies regarding various Production processes to be carried out in future.

15. Production Control

The application of various controlling techniques and measures used to bridge the gap between actual and desired results.

16. Aggregate Planning

Aggregate planning is an
operational activity that does an
aggregate plan for the
production process, in advance of
2 to 18 months.

17. Quality

In manufacturing, a measure of excellence or a
state of being free from defects, deficiencies and
significant variations.

18. Quality Assurance

The maintenance of a desired
level of quality in a service or
product.

19. Service Quality

Service quality is used in business to refer to
the assessment of how satisfying a service is,
according to the customer's expectations.
Service quality is achieved by comparing the
expected service to the service currently
being offered.

20. Six Sigma

Six Sigma is a management philosophy developed by
Motorola that emphasizes setting extremely high
objectives, collecting data, and analyzing results to
a fine degree as a way to reduce defects in
products and services.

21. Productivity

Productivity is the ratio of output to inputs in
production; it is an average measure of the
efficiency of production. Efficiency of
production means production’s capability to
create incomes.

22. Work Study

an analysis of a specific job in an
effort to find the most efficient
method in terms of time and
effort.

23. Work Sampling

Work sampling is the statistical technique for
determining the proportion of time spent by
workers in various defined categories of activity
(e.g. setting up a machine, assembling two
parts, idle…etc.).

24. Down Time

The period of time when something, such as
a factory or a piece of machinery, is not in
operation, especially as the result of a
malfunction.

25. Cycle Time

The period required to complete one cycle of an
operation ; or to complete a function, job , or task
from start to finish. Cycle time is used in
differentiating total duration of a process from
its run time .

Guess Production Management

GUESS, PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT, BBA II

UNIT I

Nature, Meaning and Significance of Production Management
Diagrammatic Representation of Production Process
Process Types in Manufacturing (Project, Jobbing, Batch, Line, Mass, Continuous)
Professional Services (meaning only)
Plant Layout (concept only)

Unit II

Production Planning and Control (introduction)
Production Planning Techniques
Aggregate Planning

Unit III

Introduction to Quality
Quality Characteristics of Goods and Services
Quality Improvement Techniques
Six Sigma and its Applications

Unit IV

Productivity (Concept and Mathematical Formula)
Productive Improvement Techniques (Work Study, Method Study, Time Study, Work Sampling...... concepts only)

Abrar Ul Mustafa

Uploaded on blog too www.sufhaa.blogspot.com

Important Definitions coming soon

Sunday, 22 December 2013

33 Important Definitions of Marketing (All Units)

1. Marketing

The process of identifying or creating needs and fulfilling them profitably.

2. Marketing Management

The planning and organisation of all the processes of meeting customers needs profitably.

3. Marketing Environment

The sumtotal of all the various factors that influence the Marketing of a company.

4. Consumer Behaviour

The combination of various factors: knowledge, exposure, peer influence, etc; that affect a consumer's purchase decision.

5. Market

A place where buyers and sellers meet and exchange products against a price.

6. Consumer Market

A market where products are sold to individual consumers in smaller quantities or numbers.

7. Industrial Market

A market where products are sold to businesses like colleges, govt departments, etc. Here products are sold in bulk.

8. FMCG
Fast Moving Consumer Goods

Those consumer goods which are sold to individuals in smaller units or quantities but are sold frequently, for example, Shampoo, Bread, etc.

9. Consumer Durables

Those products which are sold to individuals but are big and complicated products and aren't bought frequently, for example, Car, Refrigerator, etc.

10. Industry

A group of all companies offering a same type of product, for example, Automobile Industry.

11. Market Potential

The unmet demand for a particular product in a particular market at a particular time is called the Market Potential.

12. Market Share

The total sales percentage achieved by a company out of the total sales by all companies in a particular market for a particular time period.

13. Sales Potential

The numerical difference between Market Potential and Market Share is called Sales Potential.

14. Professional Services

It's an industry of technical or unique function performed by independent contractors or consultants whose occupation is the rendering of services.

15. Segmentation

It's the process of dividing the heterogenous market into segments which are homogenous so as to target one or more segments effectively.

16. Market Targeting

It's the process of targeting one segment, already selected, by a certain mix of Marketing Communication plan.

17. Positioning

Positioning is defined as the way by which the marketers attempt to create a distinct impression in the customer's mind.

18. Product Differentiation

Development or incorporation of attributes (such as benefits, price, quality, styling, service , etc.) that a product's intended customers perceive to be different and desirable.

19. Marketing Mix

It's the perfect blend among various attributes of Product, Place, Promotion and Price of an offering. In services, the mix extends to other 3 Ps: Physical Evidence, People and Process.

20. Brand

It's the identity of a product which can be made up of words, colours, images, logos, icons, etc etc.

21. Branding

Branding is the activity of creating such a Brand which stands out amongst others and displays a distinct identity of a product.

22. Price

Price is the monetary exchange value of a product.

23. Marketing Communication

It's the aggregate of various tools (Advertising, Sales Promotion, Personal Selling, Direct Marketing) used to convey the right message to a large number of intended audience.

24. Advertising

Advertising includes all messages a business pays to deliver through a medium to reach a targeted audience.

25. Sales Promotion

Sales promotions are the set ofmarketing activities undertaken to boost sales of the product or service.

26. Direct Marketing

It's the process of reaching out to a market on a personal basis or mass media basis.

27. Marketing Channels

A marketing channel is a set of practices or activities necessary to transfer the ownership of goods, and to move goods, from the point of production to the point of consumption.

28. Channel Motivation

It's the process of impressing the channel members so that they may promote a company's products with some efforts.

29. Product Mix

The variety of products offered by a company.

30. Product Line

Various varieties of one single kind or class of a product, for example, different varieties of Shampoo.

31. Product Breadth or Width

The total number of different product classes offered by a company, for example, Shampoo, Soap, Cream, Toothpaste.

32. Product Mix Length or Depth

It's the total number of different kinds or varieties of products offered in a single product line, for example, in Shampoo Line, a company offers Protein Shampoo, Herbal Shampoo and Anti Dandruff Shampoo.

33. Consistency

It means how closely the different products of a Product Mix are related to one another, how similar the products are.

Saturday, 21 December 2013

Process of Chanel Selection

Process of Chanel Selection

1. statement of objectives,
2. market analysis,
3. environmental analysis,
4. identification of feasible
alternatives,
5. functional analysis,
6. financial analysis
and
7. channel selection.

Thursday, 19 December 2013

Product Mix

What Is a Product Mix?

Product mix, also known as product assortment,
refers to the total number of product lines that a
company offers to its customers. For example, a
small company may sell multiple lines of products.
Sometimes, these product lines are fairly similar,
such as dish washing liquid and bar soap, which are
used for cleaning and use similar technologies.
Other times, the product lines are vastly
different, such as diapers and razors. The four
dimensions to a company's product mix include
width, length, depth and consistency.

Width

The width of a company's product mix pertains to
the number of product lines that a company sells.
For example, if a company has two product lines,
its product mix width is two. Small and upstart
businesses will usually not have a wide product mix.
It is more practical to start with some basic
products and build market share. Later on, a
company's technology may allow the company to
diversify into other industries and build the width
of the product mix.

Length

Product mix length pertains to the number of
total products or items in a company's product
mix, according to Philip Kotler's textbook
"Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning,
Implementation and Control." For example, ABC
company may have two product lines, and five
brands within each product line. Thus, ABC's
product mix length would be 10. Companies that
have multiple product lines will sometimes keep
track of their average length per product line. In
the above case, the average length of an ABC
Company's product line is

Depth

Depth of a product mix pertains to the total
number of variations for each product. Variations
can include size, flavor and any other
distinguishing characteristic. For example, if a
company sells three sizes and two flavors of
toothpaste, that particular brand of toothpaste
has a depth of six. Just like length, companies
sometimes report the average depth of their
product lines; or the depth of a specific product
line.

Consistency

Product mix consistency pertains to how closely
related product lines are to one another--in
terms of use, production and distribution. A
company's product mix may be consistent in
distribution but vastly different in use. For
example, a small company may sell its health bars
and health magazine in retail stores. However, one
product is edible and the other is not. The
production consistency of these products would
vary as well.

Product Market Mix Strategy

Small companies usually start out with a product
mix limited in width, depth and length; and have a
high level of consistency. However, over time, the
company may want to differentiate products or
acquire new ones to enter new markets. A
company can also sell the existing products to new
markets by coming up with new uses for their
product.